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International Journal of
Advanced Engineering and Technology
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VOL. 10, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Impact of Quantum Computing on symmetric encryption algorithms
Authors
Smita Ketan Hadawale, Bhavarth Prashant Pathare, Arpit Tiwari, Aditya Pandey
Abstract

Quantum computing progress is now fast enough that the security community cannot afford to wait. Public-key schemes face complete failure under Shor's factoring algorithm, while symmetric ciphers take a more moderate hit from Grover's search speedup, which cuts effective key length in half. Upgrading to 256-bit symmetric keys helps, but it does not address the Harvest-Now-Decrypt-Later (HNDL) threat, where adversaries collect encrypted data today and decrypt it retroactively once a quantum machine is available. This paper introduces

AQIS (Adaptive Quantum-Immune Symmetric Encryption), a new three-layer cryptographic framework. The data layer uses AES-256-GCM or AEGIS-256. The key layer uses CRYSTALS-Kyber (FIPS 203) to deliver session keys in a quantum-safe manner. The protocol layer introduces a novel Automated Key Rotation Protocol (AKRP) that refreshes session keys after a defined block count using HKDF-SHA512, closing the long-running key exposure window. AQIS-Full achieves 192-bit post-quantum security and 9.8+ Gbps throughput. AQIS-Lite is optimized for ARM Cortex-M4 IoT hardware. The framework is fully aligned with NIST FIPS 203, 204 and 205, and includes a four-phase organizational migration roadmap.

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Pages:57-63
How to cite this article:
Smita Ketan Hadawale, Bhavarth Prashant Pathare, Arpit Tiwari, Aditya Pandey "Impact of Quantum Computing on symmetric encryption algorithms". International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology, Vol 10, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 57-63
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